It’s impossible to create an error-free web product. Every software is created by humans and they obviously tend to make errors and flaws.
Moreover, end users can utilize a product not as expected at the development stage and unintentionally use invalid information or logic so that software can behave not as was initially expected.
A bug (error) is a defect in software work that causes its incorrect behavior. Also, a bug is a difference between the actual and expected results.
Bugs which appear during creation of program code may lead to software not being able to do the functions established in its structure, functioning improperly or doing actions which were not expected. Such situations are considered as crashes in program work.
Bugs are present in any software and stay there even after program components have been officially released in production. Such a situation happens because it’s almost impossible to perform complete testing.
It is a result of limited time, technical resources and also numerous entry values and test cases. The software which contains few bugs is usually released and all critical and important defects are found and successfully fixed.
Obviously, a human factor is present in every process. Developers of program code also suffer from negligence, can forget something because of lack of skills and professional experience.
The positive mood of a developer together with his/her development skills are directly connected with the quality of every line of code.
Bugs can be found at any stage of software development or even when software has been tested many times. The primary quality of a created system will depend on the fact whether the defects are found and fixed, and a price to fix the bugs will depend on what stage of software development they have been found.
We will further analyze a list of the most popular reasons for bugs appearance during software development.
Reason 1 – Bad Communication between the Members of a Project Group
It happens sometimes that the discussed business processes can’t reach every member of a project group or they are delivered in distorted, incomplete or in an absolutely controversial way. And that’s why all requirements for development will be incorrectly interpreted by the members of the project group.
Therefore, every point of requirements should be thoroughly, completely and clearly written and not contain any inconsistencies between the random points of the approved specification or technical assignment.
Reason 2 – Difficulties in the Required Software Logic
Any software is made from numerous components which are consistently united into complete logic of functioning of a ready web product.
Technical assignment and specification of future software have multiple expected functions with different level of complexity (from the development point of view).
Such web components are hardly developed and supported after some time. Developers make numerous errors and, taking into account the special complexity of software, the errors are very serious and their total number is constantly growing.
Reason 3 –Requirements Editing
Because of the constant growth of rivalry in the software development field, the necessity to edit software at different stages of its development has considerably grown.
There are currently completely flexible models of creation and also obviously new challenges and difficulties.
Requirements editing leads to editing program code and the later the requirements will be changed, the more work which lies in displaying the changes in the logic of system work you’ll have.
Even in the case of minimum editing, it may actually lead to appearing of new bugs or returning of those that were fixed before.
Reason 4 – not professional documenting of program code and time frame
Developers should write code according to particular rules and constantly document it but actually, it’s very important not only to create really qualitative work but also to create it as soon as possible.
It happens sometimes that because of lack of time, the developers have to write code very quickly and as a result, such things as lack of human attentiveness and forgetfulness take place and spoil the quality of a released web product.
Reason 5 – Errors Made by Developers
It’s natural that a human factor happens everywhere, at all times. Some developers suffer not only from simple lack of attentiveness, forgetfulness but from random clicking on a keyboard or lack of necessary professional experience and skills.
A positive mood of a developer together with his/her current development skills is inherently connected with the quality of his/her created program code.
Reason 6 – Defects in Tools of Web Products Development
Some additional tools of software development have also flaws in the functioning and this somehow may influence the quality of a web program.
Such defects may lead to the appearance of small bugs and also complete blocking of developer’s work. If any logic in tool’s functioning has been broken, then it’s natural that program code created with its help may also have a particular number of bugs.
Reason 7 – Flaws Made by the QA Department
Miscalculations and errors made by testers may be one of the reasons why defects are still present in a product even after it has been released and are not visible at the stage of established testing. QA specialists can miss the bugs because of lack of experience, unintentionally miss the most challenging moments in software functioning or they just can’t perform complete testing because of lack of technical resources.
Reason 8 – Bad Control of Versions of Program Code
Versioning of application program code is a current combination of changes in terms of chosen application in a particular time frame. Every version is controlled while being released or while the software is being updated.
There should be a function of reverse compatibility of versions – parameters of supporting the old versions by new versions of the application, a complete guarantee of executing product’s program code developed on an old version of the application.
A low-quality control of versions can be a catalyst of appearing of numerous errors. Such a situation happens when versions are not the same because of bad quality of programming language on whose basis an application, libraries used in the application are created and also the low quality of versions of the main module, from which the application is made.
New versions can be invalid for the old ones and vice versa, and all this may lead to appearing of numerous bugs.
Reason 9 – incorrect software architecture
Reckless choosing the structure elements and system interfaces, their functioning in terms of collaboration with other elements, the combination of chosen elements and the whole architecture of elements leads to problems with software functioning.
Some elements can interact not as expected by a user, be located not where he/she expects them to be, greatly breaking the established business logic of a product.
Reason 10 – a level of funding
All software components were checked as much as the whole testing process was budgeted.
Established budget can be not enough for complete testing of a product and when the money end, the testing will simply stop.
To conclude, we’d like to say that the main reasons of bugs appearance inside any software are: human factor, time and budget limits, defects inside tools of testing/development and the impossibility of performing complete testing which causes appearing of visible defects in the structure of developed software. Even in a situation when it looks like software has no errors, they are still present there.
It means that only proper testing with identifying the most important priorities are 2 crucial and main parts of complete software testing within the indicated time frame.
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